MeSH

• Search headingsFind MeSH headings (descriptors, the subjects PubMed indexes articles under) by name: exactly, containing some text, or starting with it, in any letter case. Each comes back with its ID and MeSH Browser link. To find a heading from a synonym, use 'Search entry terms'.
• Search entry termsFind MeSH entry terms (the synonyms, spellings, brand names and codes that lead to a heading) by text, and the heading, subheading or supplementary concept each one names: 'heart attack' leads to Myocardial Infarction, 'paracetamol' to Acetaminophen. Use it to map free text to official headings.
• Get headingGet a MeSH heading in full: its definition (scope note), tree numbers, entry terms, allowed subheadings with their abbreviations, broader and see-also headings, pharmacological actions for a drug, previous indexing, NLM's notes, registry numbers and dates. A heading MeSH doesn't have comes back with found false.
• Get broader headingsGet every heading above a heading in the MeSH trees: its direct parents, all its ancestors up to the top of each tree, and one readable path per tree number, such as Diseases > Cardiovascular Diseases > Heart Diseases > Myocardial Ischemia > Myocardial Infarction. Useful for tagging with broader subjects.
• Get narrower headingsList the headings below a heading in the MeSH trees: the level just below, or every heading below it, which is what PubMed searches when it explodes a heading. Each comes with its tree numbers. Useful for expanding a search or a tag to more specific subjects.
• Look up tree numberFind the heading at a MeSH tree number, such as C14.280.647, with the heading one level up and every heading one level down. Give a tree's letter, such as C for Diseases, to list the headings at the top of that tree.
• List allowed subheadingsList the subheadings (qualifiers, such as adverse effects or drug therapy) MeSH allows with a heading, with their IDs and two-letter abbreviations.
• Check heading and subheadingCheck whether MeSH allows a subheading with a heading, such as Ofloxacin/adverse effects, and get the pair's ID. For a pair it doesn't allow, NLM often names the heading to use instead: Heart/abnormalities points to Heart Defects, Congenital.
• Get subheadingGet a MeSH subheading (qualifier) in full: its abbreviation, what it is used with (scope note), its place in the subheading tree, its other names, NLM's notes and dates.
• Search supplementary conceptsFind MeSH supplementary concept records by name: the chemicals, drugs, rare diseases, organisms, population groups and drug protocols MeSH records outside its headings. Closest (shortest) names come first; pick a type to narrow the search.
• Get supplementary conceptGet a MeSH supplementary concept record (a chemical, drug, rare disease or organism) in full: the headings it maps to, which are how PubMed indexes it, its pharmacological actions, synonyms, registry numbers, how many PubMed articles carry it, NLM's note and dates. A record MeSH doesn't have comes back with found false.
• List pharmacological actionsList what a drug or chemical does, as MeSH pharmacological actions: Ofloxacin is an Anti-Bacterial Agent and a Topoisomerase II Inhibitor, among others. Takes a heading or a supplementary concept.
• List substances with an actionList the drugs and chemicals MeSH files under a pharmacological action, such as every Anti-Bacterial Agent: headings, supplementary concepts, or both. Retired records are left out.
• Look up MeSH IDsName up to 100 MeSH IDs at once, of any kind: headings (D...), subheadings (Q...), supplementary concepts (C...), heading/subheading pairs, concepts and terms. Each comes back with its name and type, or marked not found rather than failing the step.
• Build PubMed searchBuild a PubMed search for a MeSH heading or supplementary concept, with its exact name and the right search tag: optionally narrowed to subheadings or to articles where it is a main topic, without the headings below it, or widened with its entry terms as title and abstract words. Returns the query and a link that runs it; the PubMed integration's search takes the query as it is.

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